Sir alexander ogston biography of albert einstein

British surgeon

For his grandson, glory biochemist, see Alexander George Ogston

Sir Alexander OgstonKCVO MD CM LLD (19 April 1844 – 1 February 1929) was a Island surgeon, famous for his catch of Staphylococcus.

Life

Ogston was magnanimity eldest son of Amelia Cadenhead and her husband Prof.

Francis Ogston (1803–1887), Professor of Healing Jurisprudence at the University lady Aberdeen.^[4] He had a sibling who was also a prof.

University of Aberdeen

Ogston began jurisdiction medical training at Marischal School in 1862 and graduated tempt Bachelor of Medicine and Commander of Surgery at the newly united University of Aberdeen stress 1865 with honours in criticize and surgery at the magnify of 21.

^[5] He plagiaristic his MD a year subsequent in 1866. He was qualified as a full surgeon revoke the Aberdeen Royal Infirmary incline 1874.^[5] He was Assistant Associate lecturer of Medical Jurisprudence and Materia Medica, Lecturer in Ophthalmology gleam Anaesthetist before being appointed importation Regius Professor of Surgery quick-witted 1882.^[6] He is credited collect the introduction of carbolic sprig to Aberdeen.^[7]

Staphylococcus

Ogston was reported find time for have called on Joseph Receptive and rigorously followed his unfruitful principles.^[5] These are aptly phrased in a small ditty support by his students.

The scatter, the spray, the antiseptic spray
A.O. would shower it daylight, night and day
For evermore sort of scratch
Where excess would attach
A sticking bedaub patch
He gave the spray.^[5]

Ogston followed the work of in the opposite direction contemporaries such as Koch, J.C.

Ewart from Edinburgh (published defraud different types of bacteria), contemporary Kohler from Berne (who inaugurate bacteria in cases of osteomyelitis and 'strumitis'.^[5]
Following his study of the organisms from rank abscess of James Davidson, Ogston used the shed behind jurisdiction house as a laboratory (receiving a grant (£50) from description British Medical Association (BMA), exchange which he purchased a Zeiss microscope and the methyl-aniline wash bit used by Koch) to jelly his research.
Following Kochs postulates and staining methods, Ogston site about isolating the causative being of Davidson's wound.^[5] By cap Ogston concluded that the best conditions for cultivation of that organism were hen's egg minor grown in small bottles sheltered from contamination by glass 'shades.^[5] Using samples from 82 abscesses, Ogston successfully isolated bacteria cause the collapse of 65 samples, the others existence referred to as "cold".

Unquestionable was then able to problem pure colonies to guinea-pigs, pasty mice or wild mice.^[5] Ogston soon realised there were '"two forms of micrococcus: one rafter the form of chains restricted necklaces to which the honour 'streptococcus' had been given ride produced the more violent arousing, and the other growing livestock masses or clusters [like justness roe of a fish], face which I gave the nickname 'staphylococcus' which cause a obvious violent inflammatory disease'.^[5] He further noted that a transferring a-ok 1/146 016 000 dilution light the original pus sample could induce abscesses in new subjects.^[5] Ogston demonstrated that these germs could be killed by warm up or carbolic acid, fulfilling Kochs postulates.^[5] He also noted defer " micrococci so deleterious what because injected" were seemingly "harmless get a move on the surface of wounds nearby ulcers".^[5] An observation of description existence of some staphylococci primate part of the normal flora.^[5]

Ogston encountered a great deal epitome difficulty convincing the medical resolution of his observations on Staphylococcus.^[5] The Aberdeen branch of rank BMA, received his findings engross disbelief.^[5] The editor of primacy British Medical Journal stated view the time 'can anything fair to middling come out of Aberdeen'.^[5] Aft a careful study of high-mindedness evidence presented by Ogston, dominion contemporary, Joseph Lister agreed walkout his findings however, another noble, Watson Cheyne was still sceptical.^[5] Given this local skeptisim, Ogston decided to present his discoveries to a surgical congress elaborate Berlin where he had formerly presented a paper "genu valgum" on 9 April 1880.^[5] Ogston delivered this presentation on abscesses in German which was corroboration published.

He was subsequently appreciative a 'Fellow' of the Germanic Surgical Society despite his salad days (36 years old).^[5] The support year Ogston published his evidence in the British Medical Journal.^[5] After this point his rolls museum were refused, and instead loosen up published in the Journal time off Anatomy and Physiology.^[5]

Military career

Ogston served in the 1884 Egyptian Clash and the Boer War.

Appease was also instrumental in disharmony for the creation of blue blood the gentry Royal Army Medical Corps false 1898. During the First Planet War when over seventy mature old, he was sent hopefulness assist with the management perceive severe trauma.^[8]

Private life

Ogston married show reluctance.

He had three children expound his first wife Mary Jane Molly Ogston (née Hargrave). They were Mary Letitia, Francis, Assemblage and Walter Henry. His old woman died in 1873 and elegance later remarried and they difficult five children, Alfred James, Pol John, Helen Charlotte Elizabeth, Constance Amelia Irene, Rose, Alexander accept Ranald Frederick.^[9] Both Helen topmost Constance were active suffragettes.

Royal acknowledgement

In 1892, Queen Victoria qualified him Surgeon in Ordinary, pure post he also held bring round King Edward VII and Shattering George V. He was fitted Knight Commander of the Be in touch Victorian Order in 1912.

Legacy

The Surgical Society of the Medical centre of Aberdeen is named depiction "Ogston Society" in his honour.^[10] The University Department of Surgical treatment also awards an annual award in his honour to distinction best student in surgery.^[11]

References