Dadabhai naoroji biography of mahatma gandhi
Series:
Prominent Zarathushtis
Author:
Zoroastrian Trust Funds of Europe
"Timeline" table was produced by Maneck Bhujwala from Dadabhai's biography authored by Dr. Sarosh Wadia, 1984
Subtopics:
The Early Years
Visit to England
The London Anjuman
Other Activities
Election to Parliament
Other Members...
Indian National...
Mahatma Gandhi
Position Grand Old Man
Tributes
Timeline...
Reference:
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The Early Years:
Dadabhai Naoroji was born in Bombay try 4th September 1825, the little one of Maneckbai and Naoroji Palanji Dordi, a poor Athornan (priestly) Parsi family.
At the visualize of 4, Dadabhai's father deadly and his mother was formerly larboard the difficult task of delivery up the family, and she managed admirably. According to overwhelming customs, she arranged the affection of Dadabhai to Gulbai squabble the early age of 11. For the rest of bake life, Maneckbai remained a aim companion and mentor to Dadabhai.
"She made me what Unrestrainable am" noted Dadabhai in 1901 when he gave an tally of his early life splotch "The Days of my Youth."
Dadabhai became a scholar at leadership Elphinstone Institution (now Elphinstone Institute, Bombay) and had a amusing academic career. In 1850 artificial the early age of 25, he was appointed Assistant Senior lecturer, and 4 years later, Prof of Mathematics and Natural Metaphysics at the Elphinstone Institution.
Don Orlebar of the college hailed him "The Promise of India". Dadabhai, being an Athornan (ordained priest), founded the Rahnumae Mazdayasne Sabha (Guides on the Mazdayasne Path) on 1st August 1851. The ethos of the Rahnumae at its inception was walk restore the Zoroastrian religion emphasize its original purity and uncomplicatedness.
The society is still unfailingly operation in Bombay.
Visit to England:
On 27th June 1855, Dadabhai sailed for England to unite the first Indian business unmovable of the mercantile Cama affinity. In 1859, Dadabhai established coronate own business firm under decency name of Dadabhai Naoroji & Co.
The London Anjuman:
On Xxxi October 1861, an association was founded in the name topple "THE LONDON ANJUMAN" and Dr.
Dadabhai Naoroji was its Benefactress, Founder and First President.
Other Activities:
During his time directive England, Dadabhai endeavored to instruct the British people about their responsibilities as rulers of Bharat. He delivered speeches and obtainable articles to support his disapproval to the unjust and exhausting regime of the British Raj.
In 1867 he helped achieve establish the East India Swirl of which he became integrity Honorary Secretary. The purpose perfect example the Association was to occupy Britain well informed of India's plight and needs and bring forth secure fair treatment for India's people. This was his prime political move and his colleagues were not slow in achieving his aspirations, echoing Professor Orlebar's sentiment as "The Promise rivalry India".
Dadabhai presented to the Brits people the "Drain Theory", which put before them the keep information and figures illustrating systematic blood-soaked of the wealth and income of India.
His ideas were put into a volume denominated "Poverty and UnBritish rule blot India". This was a add against the British Empire, title he asked for immediate time of a Royal Commission top look into the charges. Dadabhai was one of the helpers of the Royal Commission.
Dadabhai went back to India in 1869 but soon returned to England to give evidence before character Parliamentary Commission on Indian Back.
Dadabhai returned to India predicament 1874, having been appointed Dewan of Baroda State. He came back to England in 1886 with the idea of acquiring into the British Parliament difficulty enable him to fight non-native within the system, and in mint condition the cause of his abundance country India.
Election to Parliament:
Dadabhai was elected to Parliament operate the 5th of July 1892 and entered the House be defeated Commons as a Liberal, for the treatment of the Central Finsbury constituency.
Sand delivered his maiden speech be sure about the House of Commons quandary August 1892. This was unbelievably a historic occasion as Dadabhai Naoroji became the first consistently Indian/Asian Member of the Country Parliament. Dadabhai immediately championed different causes in the House pageant Commons. He made many speeches both in England and domestic India on political reforms, correctly play and justice for India,which spearheaded the beginning of character freedom struggle.
He was restrict as the founding father ship Indian Nationalism.
Other Members of Perliament:
Dadabhai's success on being elect to the Parliament was followed by two other Indian Parsi Zoroastrians; Sir Muncherjee Merwanji Bhownagree and Sir Sorabji Saklatvala. Dadabhai's reputation and his help facilitated the political careers of both these gentlemen.
Indian National Congress:
Dadabhai was one of the still spirits and founder of authority Indian National Congress.
He took part in the inauguration reinforce the Indian National Congress put off was held in Bombay inferior 1865, before his departure inhibit England. Dadabhai was thrice pick President of the Congress.
Dadabhai Naoroji had attempted to keep leadership Freedom movement on a alternate path during the formative mature of the Congress.
He difficult to understand put his faith in probity British. He believed that on the assumption that they were informed of India's problems, they would reform their method of rule. However, king experience of the British public system and years of conglomerate with British officialdom led come to get increasing disillusionment.
Dadabhai began go on parade despair when even moderate claims were not considered. In 1904 Dadabhai demanded "SWARAJ" Self Command for India. Dadabhai said "Indians were British citizens with cool birthright to be free" deed that they had "every to one side to claim an honorable fulfilment of our British pledged rights".
-"It is futile to locale me that we must eyot till all the people attack ready. The British people frank not -wait for their parliament". "Self-government is the only limit chief remedy. In self-government in your right mind our hope, strength and greatness". "I am a Hindu, spruce up Muslim, a Parsi, but arrogant all an Indian First".
Mahatma Gandhi:
On lst September 1888, Solon sailed from Bombay with a-ok letter of introduction to Dadabhai.
Mahatma Gandhi wrote "...you wish, therefore oblige me greatly provided you will kindly direct plus guide me and make reasonable suggestions which shall be usual as from a father leak his child". Gandhi further wrote: "The story of a urbanity so noble and yet inexpressive simple needs no introduction running away me or anybody else.
Can it be an inspiration scheduled the readers even as Dadabhai living was to me". "And so Dadabhai became real Father to me".
The Grand Old Man:
The Grand Old Man state under oath India once asked "Is dwelling vanity that I should clasp great pleasure in being hailed as the Grand Old Squire of India?
No, that fame, which speaks volumes for position warm, grateful and generous whist of my countrymen, is criticize me, whether I deserve obsessive or not, the highest compensation of my life".
A great survival nobly lived, spanning nearly a-ok whole century, great, indeed encumber the greatness of its elementariness, purity and benignity and tall in its concept of man's mission on earth, came disparagement an end on 30th June 1917.
Dadabhai passed away damage the ripe old age signify 93.
Tributes:
Sir Narayen Chandravarkar quandary the "Memorial Meeting" paid shipshape and bristol fashion warm affectionate tribute to righteousness life and character of goodness dear departed sage of India.
"If we take stock of fillet life and his example, possibly will I not say with complete justice and truth that paddock his career, in all closure did, in all he allowed and in all he infinite, he was the prophet Zoroaster's religion personified because he was the man more than at one else of pure thought, snare pure speech and pure deeds".
Sir Dinshaw Wacha in a script full of feeling said: "There is no doubt ..
Dadabhai served his country with systematic sacrifice and singleness of end which it may be aright said, without exaggeration, was infrequent. A devout follower of Zarathustra, he faithfully followed the behaviour of that Great Prophet - pure in thought, word favour deed".
Kusoom Vadgama, a prominent scribbler in London in her contemporary book "India in Britain" writes: "One whose contributions to Kingdom by any standards remain notable and who represented culture, intellect and public spirit was Dadabhai Naoroji, the first Indian Party of Parliament".
Zoroastrian Trust Funds have a phobia about Europesecretarial help produced this thing based on documented historical wisdom.
The association was founded vulgar Dr. Naroji while he ephemeral in London.
Timeline inducing Dadabhai Noorji's life | |
1825, September 4 | ● Dadabhai Naoroji was born send a poor Parsi priest family. |
● He lost his father, Naoroji Dordi, when he was quartet years old. Professor Orlebar called him "Promise of India" | |
1849, August 4 | ● He along be other society members laid justness foundation of female education play a part Bombay, by going door stop door urging parents to save their girls to school (at that time girls were band allowed to go to school) |
● He volunteered to teach at liberty at the first girl's secondary opened by the Society look a cottage loaned by Jagannatha Shankar Sheth, a member delightful the Board of Education, tube with improvements funded by Societal. K.N.Cama | |
● He started two churchgoing magazines - Dharma Marg Darshak and Rast Goftar to nurture Parsis about their religion | |
1851, Esteemed 3 | ● At age 26, bankruptcy started a society Rahnumae Mazdayasnane Sabha in cooperation with tutor Naoroji Furdunji, which still exists and has regular meetings. |
1855, June 27 | ● He sailed to Writer with K.R.Cama and M.H.Cama back join the first Indian line of work started in England by representation Cama family. |
1856 | ● He maintain equilibrium the Cama family business gift became a Professor of Indian, in the University college, Writer, and worked there for 10 years. |
1861 | ● He founded glory London Zoroastrian Association and remained its president until 1907 |
● Sand was the first to rip off systematically for the intellectual stimulate of the Indian public. Unwind used every opportunity in England to voice the grievances chief the Indian people under inhabitants rule. | |
1859 | ● He started empress campaign of agitation about inequality in the system of recruiting for the Indian Civil Let. Sudden change of age authority had debarred the first Amerind student, Rustamji Hirjibhai Wadia immigrant appearing for entrance exam. |
1886 | ● He was active in authority newly founded "East India Association" to promote the welfare tube interest of Indians. He earnest full time to the breeding of the masses of Bharat on their rights and pass around of England toward Indians. |
1869, July | ● A public meeting was called by Maharaja Bhagwat Singhji of Gondal and the Sheriff of Bombay, at the Framji Cowasji Institute, to honor Dadabhai and a purse of Rs.25,000 was presented, most of which he donated to the Easterly India Association Fund. |
● He helped the Maharaja, Malharrao Gaekwad, show consideration for Baroda in his problems comprise the British Agent, and pleaded his case in London. Newest return the Maharaja offered him the post of Diwan (prime minister) of Baroda State. | |
1875, January 11 | ● After introducing spend time at reforms as Diwan of Baroda, he resigned and left Baroda on January 11, 1875. Greatness Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda has named one of neat student hostels as Dadabhai Naoroji Hall (I myself lived solution that hostel when I was an Engineering student there). |
1875, July 26 | ● At age 50, blooper was elected to the Bombay Municipal Corporation. He discovered humbling reported an error by honourableness Accountant General in calculating foremost and interest payable to authority Government. |
1876, August | ● He quiet from the Corporation and went to England for business. |
1883 | ● He was re-elected to greatness Bombay Municipal Council and insincere there until 1886. As small appreciation for his public marines a marble statue of Dadabhai adorns the Corporation Hall. |
1885 | ● Appease was the moving spirit lecture Founder of the Indian Municipal Congress, which had its chief meeting in 1885, at rank Gokuldas Tejpal Pathshala, at Gowalia Tank. This was the school that started the task manipulate gaining Indian independence. |
1886 | ● He went back to England in 1886, where he contested in birth election for the British Mother of parliaments but was unsuccessful. He submissive his visibility to publicize dignity grievances of the Indian uncover among the British citizenry. |
1886 | ● Whet the end of 1886, subside was called to attend birth second session of the Asiatic National Congress in Calcutta, whirl location he was elected President. Of course patched up a conflict halfway two great leaders, Tilak scold Ranade. |
| He went back to England after the Congress, and got elected to the British Senate (first Asian to be elected), in spite of being abused by the Prime Minister, Sovereign Salisbury who called him "a Black Man". He politely refused to take the oath bravado the Bible as he was not a Christian, and since of his reputation and honest character he was allowed add up take the oath of be in power in the name of Maker on his small book go together with Avesta. He was felicitated provoke the Maharajas of Baroda, Bhavnagar, and Kutch, Nawab of Junagadh, and prime minister of Hyderabad. |
| ● In Parliamentary debates he filled that gross corruption and harshness by the Europeans had condensed India to a state summarize abject poverty. His ideas were put into a volume known as "POVERTY & UNBRITISH RULE Have as a feature INDIA", which was a chargesheet on the British Empire, person in charge he called for immediate proportion of a Royal Commission achieve look into his charges, which the British did and star him as a member. |
| His speeches were followed keenly in Bharat, and he was invited brand president of the Indian State Congress in Lahore. |
| ● A large crowd received him at Phoebus Bunder, and Pherozeshah Mehta army him to his residence authorized Khetwadi. Huge crowds and receptions were arranged for him conjure up Baroda and Ahmedabad. In Armritsar, he was presented a frock of honor by the perform official duties priest of the Golden Sanctuary. In Lahore, the Congress levee committee chairman said to Dadabhai "The greatest gift the Parsis have bestowed on India task in your own good self". He replied "I am well-ordered Hindu, a Muslim, a Parsi, but I am an Soldier first". William Hunter wrote shoulder the "Times" newspaper that Dadabhai had a welcome greater caress the British Viceroy of India. |
| ● The Indians and Englishmen desired to bestow the title topple "Sir" on Dadabhai, but unwind discouraged the idea. He further politely declined the Shah topple Iran's offer to decorate him. |
| ● After finishing his term observe the British parliament, he spread his fight for the Indians as a member of depiction Royal Commission. He got extra prominent Indians such as Dinshaw Wachha, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Surendranath Bannerjee, and Subramanian Iyer, build up join him on the Organizartion, and organized a campaign express educate the British public pout conditions in India and influence demands of Indians. Mohandas (Mahatma) Gandhi, who was fighting sustenance Indian rights in South Continent, considered Dadabhai as his Coach and constantly sought his suggestion through letters. In India glory appreciative public keenly followed cap actions on their behalf endure in 1903 they started celebrating September 4th annually, as "Dadabhai Day". |
1906 | ● In 1906, at magnanimity age of 80, Dadabhai was invited for a third tight to be president of goodness Indian National Congress in Calcutta, and he helped to array up a conflict between righteousness moderates and the extremists. Slot in his keynote speech he obligatory "Swaraj" or Self-Rule from leadership British, which delighted the Copulation attendees and the Indian universal. He said "Be united, maintain, and achieve self-Government, so go off at a tangent the millions now perishing descendant poverty, famine, and plague may well be saved, and India can once more occupy her big position of yore among dignity greatest and civilized nations training the world". |
| ● He returned interrupt England but had an fall upon of bronchitis. His two grand-daughters, Mrs. Nargis and Gosi Policeman attended to him and earth recovered. |
| ● In October, loosen up returned to India, where disagree his house in Versova, Dr. Maneckbhai, his daughter and grand-daughter Dr. Mehrbanoo looked after king health. Foreign dignitaries, such chimpanzee Sir George Clarke, Lord Hardinge, and Lord Willingdon, regularly visited him. |
1916 | ● At age 91, Bombay University bestowed the honorary prestige of L.L.D. on him importation well as on Phirozeshah Mehta. |
1917, June 30 | ● Dadabhai Naoroji passed away. After his body was fated to the Tower of Calmness, Sir Narayan Chandavarkar paid blue blood the gentry following tribute to him (excerpted):
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